Unity3D 屏幕点击特效

实现点击屏幕任意位置播放点击特效。

屏幕点击特效

需求

现有一个需求，点击屏幕任意位置，播放一个点击特效。

美术已经做好了特效，效果如图：

点击特效

特效容器

首先，画布是 Camera 模式，画布底下有一个 UIClickEffect 界面。

界面底下有一个 Effect 空节点，它带有 RectTransform 组件，后续会通过这个空节点设置特效的位置。

Effect 空节点底下则是美术制作好的特效。

空节点

创建脚本

检测输入

创建 ScreenClickEffect.cs 脚本，添加特效设置相关的字段。

在 Start 的时候把特效预制体默认隐藏，防止初始化时会播放一次特效。

在 Update 中检测鼠标和触摸输入，把点击的位置 clickPosition 传入 PlayClickEffect 方法中。

using UnityEngine;public class ScreenClickEffect : MonoBehaviour
{[Header("特效设置")]public GameObject clickEffectPrefab;  // 特效预制体public float effectDuration = 1f;     // 特效持续时间void Start(){if (clickEffectPrefab != null)clickEffectPrefab.SetActive(false);}void Update(){HandleInput();}void HandleInput(){Vector3 clickPosition = Vector3.zero;bool hasInput = false;// 检测鼠标点击if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0)){clickPosition = Input.mousePosition;hasInput = true;}// 检测触摸输入（移动设备）if (Input.touchCount > 0){Touch touch = Input.GetTouch(0);if (touch.phase == TouchPhase.Began){clickPosition = touch.position;hasInput = true;}}if (hasInput){PlayClickEffect(clickPosition);}}void PlayClickEffect(Vector3 screenPosition){if (clickEffectPrefab == null){Debug.LogWarning("点击特效预制体未设置！");return;}}
}

实例化特效

添加节点组件字段，获得画布和界面的变换组件。

继续完善 PlayClickEffect 方法，使用 RectTransformUtility.ScreenPointToLocalPointInRectangle 把屏幕坐标转换成当前界面内的本地坐标，把转换后的 localPosition 赋值给实例化出来的特效对象。

最后，延迟 effectDuration 秒后销毁特效。

using UnityEngine;public class ScreenClickEffect : MonoBehaviour
{// ...[Header("节点组件")]public Canvas targetCanvas;           // 画布public RectTransform rectTransform;   // 界面变换组件void Start(){// ...if (targetCanvas == null)targetCanvas = FindObjectOfType<Canvas>();if (rectTransform == null)rectTransform = GetComponent<RectTransform>();}// ...void PlayClickEffect(Vector3 screenPosition){if (clickEffectPrefab == null){Debug.LogWarning("点击特效预制体未设置！");return;}if (targetCanvas == null){Debug.LogWarning("目标Canvas未设置！");return;}if (RectTransformUtility.ScreenPointToLocalPointInRectangle(rectTransform, screenPosition, targetCanvas.worldCamera, out Vector2 localPosition)){// 实例化特效GameObject effectInstance;effectInstance = Instantiate(clickEffectPrefab, transform);effectInstance.SetActive(true);// 设置位置if (effectInstance.TryGetComponent<RectTransform>(out var effectRect)){effectRect.localPosition = localPosition;}else{effectInstance.transform.localPosition = (Vector3)localPosition;}// 延迟销毁特效Destroy(effectInstance, effectDuration);}}
}

节点组件的引用如图：

拖拽引用

运行游戏效果：

点击屏幕效果

对象池优化

因为屏幕点击特效会比较频繁地创建和销毁，可以使用 Unity 内置的对象池进行优化。

这里定义了一个 useObjectPool 字段，可以自行选择是否启用对象池，如果不用的话，就还是以创建销毁的方式播放点击特效。

关于对象池的容量设置，可参考以下建议：

休闲游戏，容量4-8，启用对象池，平衡性能和内存
音游/快节奏，容量10-20，启用对象池，优先保证流畅度
低端设备，容量2-4，可关闭对象池，减少内存占用

using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Pool;public class ScreenClickEffect : MonoBehaviour
{// ...[Header("对象池设置")]public bool useObjectPool = true;     // 是否使用对象池public int defaultCapacity = 4;       // 对象池默认容量public int maxSize = 8;               // 对象池最大容量private ObjectPool<GameObject> effectPool;void Start(){// ...if (useObjectPool)SetupObjectPool();}// ...void SetupObjectPool(){if (clickEffectPrefab == null){Debug.LogWarning("无法设置对象池：特效预制体未设置！");return;}effectPool = new ObjectPool<GameObject>(createFunc: CreateEffect,actionOnGet: OnGetEffect,actionOnRelease: OnReleaseEffect,actionOnDestroy: OnDestroyEffect,collectionCheck: true,defaultCapacity: defaultCapacity,maxSize: maxSize);}GameObject CreateEffect(){GameObject effect = Instantiate(clickEffectPrefab, transform);effect.SetActive(false);return effect;}void OnGetEffect(GameObject effect){effect.SetActive(true);// 重置粒子系统if (effect.TryGetComponent<ParticleSystem>(out var particles)){particles.Clear();particles.Play();}}void OnReleaseEffect(GameObject effect){if (effect != null){effect.SetActive(false);// 停止粒子系统if (effect.TryGetComponent<ParticleSystem>(out var particles)){particles.Stop();particles.Clear();}}}void OnDestroyEffect(GameObject effect){if (effect != null){Destroy(effect);}}void OnDestroy(){// 清理对象池effectPool?.Dispose();}void PlayClickEffect(Vector3 screenPosition){// ...if (RectTransformUtility.ScreenPointToLocalPointInRectangle(rectTransform, screenPosition, targetCanvas.worldCamera, out Vector2 localPosition)){GameObject effectInstance;// 使用对象池或传统方式创建特效if (useObjectPool && effectPool != null){effectInstance = effectPool.Get();}else{effectInstance = Instantiate(clickEffectPrefab, transform);effectInstance.SetActive(true);}// 设置位置if (effectInstance.TryGetComponent<RectTransform>(out var effectRect)){effectRect.localPosition = localPosition;}else{effectInstance.transform.localPosition = (Vector3)localPosition;}// 处理特效生命周期if (useObjectPool && effectPool != null){// 使用对象池，延迟归还StartCoroutine(ReleaseEffectAfterDelay(effectInstance, effectDuration));}else{// 传统方式销毁Destroy(effectInstance, effectDuration);}}}IEnumerator ReleaseEffectAfterDelay(GameObject effect, float delay){yield return new WaitForSeconds(delay);if (effect != null && effectPool != null){effectPool.Release(effect);}}
}

完整代码

ScreenClickEffect.cs

using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Pool;public class ScreenClickEffect : MonoBehaviour
{[Header("特效设置")]public GameObject clickEffectPrefab;  // 特效预制体public float effectDuration = 1f;     // 特效持续时间[Header("节点组件")]public Canvas targetCanvas;           // 画布public RectTransform rectTransform;   // 界面变换组件[Header("对象池设置")]public bool useObjectPool = true;     // 是否使用对象池public int defaultCapacity = 4;       // 对象池默认容量public int maxSize = 8;               // 对象池最大容量private ObjectPool<GameObject> effectPool;void Start(){if (clickEffectPrefab != null)clickEffectPrefab.SetActive(false);if (targetCanvas == null)targetCanvas = FindObjectOfType<Canvas>();if (rectTransform == null)rectTransform = GetComponent<RectTransform>();if (useObjectPool)SetupObjectPool();}void SetupObjectPool(){if (clickEffectPrefab == null){Debug.LogWarning("无法设置对象池：特效预制体未设置！");return;}effectPool = new ObjectPool<GameObject>(createFunc: CreateEffect,actionOnGet: OnGetEffect,actionOnRelease: OnReleaseEffect,actionOnDestroy: OnDestroyEffect,collectionCheck: true,defaultCapacity: defaultCapacity,maxSize: maxSize);}GameObject CreateEffect(){GameObject effect = Instantiate(clickEffectPrefab, transform);effect.SetActive(false);return effect;}void OnGetEffect(GameObject effect){effect.SetActive(true);// 重置粒子系统if (effect.TryGetComponent<ParticleSystem>(out var particles)){particles.Clear();particles.Play();}}void OnReleaseEffect(GameObject effect){if (effect != null){effect.SetActive(false);// 停止粒子系统if (effect.TryGetComponent<ParticleSystem>(out var particles)){particles.Stop();particles.Clear();}}}void OnDestroyEffect(GameObject effect){if (effect != null){Destroy(effect);}}void Update(){HandleInput();}void HandleInput(){Vector3 clickPosition = Vector3.zero;bool hasInput = false;// 检测鼠标点击if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown(0)){clickPosition = Input.mousePosition;hasInput = true;}// 检测触摸输入（移动设备）if (Input.touchCount > 0){Touch touch = Input.GetTouch(0);if (touch.phase == TouchPhase.Began){clickPosition = touch.position;hasInput = true;}}if (hasInput){PlayClickEffect(clickPosition);}}void PlayClickEffect(Vector3 screenPosition){if (clickEffectPrefab == null){Debug.LogWarning("点击特效预制体未设置！");return;}if (targetCanvas == null){Debug.LogWarning("目标Canvas未设置！");return;}if (RectTransformUtility.ScreenPointToLocalPointInRectangle(rectTransform, screenPosition, targetCanvas.worldCamera, out Vector2 localPosition)){GameObject effectInstance;// 使用对象池或传统方式创建特效if (useObjectPool && effectPool != null){effectInstance = effectPool.Get();}else{effectInstance = Instantiate(clickEffectPrefab, transform);effectInstance.SetActive(true);}// 设置位置if (effectInstance.TryGetComponent<RectTransform>(out var effectRect)){effectRect.localPosition = localPosition;}else{effectInstance.transform.localPosition = (Vector3)localPosition;}// 处理特效生命周期if (useObjectPool && effectPool != null){// 使用对象池，延迟归还StartCoroutine(ReleaseEffectAfterDelay(effectInstance, effectDuration));}else{// 传统方式销毁Destroy(effectInstance, effectDuration);}}}IEnumerator ReleaseEffectAfterDelay(GameObject effect, float delay){yield return new WaitForSeconds(delay);if (effect != null && effectPool != null){effectPool.Release(effect);}}void OnDestroy(){// 清理对象池effectPool?.Dispose();}
}