宿主机为ubuntu20.04，推荐ubuntu 20.04 risc-v版，

宿主机为ubuntu24.04，推荐ubuntu 24.04 risc-v版，

安装ubuntu 24.04 risc-v基本步骤：

1，
sudo apt update
sudo apt install opensbi qemu-system-misc u-boot-qemu2，下载ubuntu-24.04.2-preinstalled-server-riscv64.img.xz

xz -dk ubuntu-24.04.2-preinstalled-server-riscv64.img.xz

3，可选项，扩展磁盘空间

qemu-img resize -f raw ubuntu-24.04-preinstalled-server-riscv64.img +5G

4，启动系统

qemu-system-riscv64 \
    -machine virt -nographic -m 2048 -smp 4 \
    -kernel /usr/lib/u-boot/qemu-riscv64_smode/uboot.elf \
    -device virtio-net-device,netdev=eth0 -netdev user,id=eth0 \
    -device virtio-rng-pci \
    -drive file=ubuntu-24.04.2-preinstalled-server-riscv64.img,format=raw,if=virtio

参考链接：

1，ubuntu20.04

https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/574706990

2，ubuntu 24.04

https://canonical-ubuntu-boards.readthedocs-hosted.com/en/latest/how-to/qemu-riscv/