1. 查看索引的监控状态

GET /_cat/indices/log2?v&format=json

[{"health" : "yellow","status" : "open","index" : "log2","uuid" : "1OnzbVbJRn2grc5k198LlA","pri" : "1","rep" : "1","docs.count" : "0","docs.deleted" : "0","store.size" : "208b","pri.store.size" : "208b"}
]

从上述返回结果可以看出索引的监控状态，运行状态，主分片和每个主分片的副本分片数量，现有文档总数，删除文档总数，索引占用的空间大小，主分片占用的空间大小。

由于是单节点，副本分片无法分配，所以主分片占用的空间和索引占用的空间大小是一样的.

2. 索引状态

索引的状态分为三种：

1. red: 主分片没有得到分配
2. yellow: 副本分片没有得到分配
3. green: 主分片和副本分片都得到了分配

为了让副本分片得到分片，可以再次启动一个节点，进入到elasticsearch的安装目录下，进行cmd操作：

D:\software\elasticsearch-7.10.0\bin>.\elasticsearch.bat -Epath.data=data2 -Epath.logs=log2 -Enode.name=node-2

再次查询索引的状态：

GET /_cat/indices/log2?v&format=json

3. 监控索引分片的段数据

一个索引的分片实际上是一个Lucene索引，一个Lucene索引是由很多个段(segment)构成的。可以使用_cat/segments端点查看

GET /_cat/segments/logs?v&format=json

[{"index" : "logs-1","shard" : "0","prirep" : "r","ip" : "127.0.0.1","segment" : "_0","generation" : "0","docs.count" : "1","docs.deleted" : "0","size" : "6.2kb","size.memory" : "2900","committed" : "true","searchable" : "true","version" : "8.7.0","compound" : "true"},{"index" : "logs-1","shard" : "0","prirep" : "p","ip" : "127.0.0.1","segment" : "_0","generation" : "0","docs.count" : "1","docs.deleted" : "0","size" : "6.2kb","size.memory" : "2900","committed" : "true","searchable" : "true","version" : "8.7.0","compound" : "true"},{"index" : "logs-2","shard" : "0","prirep" : "r","ip" : "127.0.0.1","segment" : "_0","generation" : "0","docs.count" : "1","docs.deleted" : "0","size" : "6.2kb","size.memory" : "2900","committed" : "true","searchable" : "true","version" : "8.7.0","compound" : "true"},{"index" : "logs-2","shard" : "0","prirep" : "p","ip" : "127.0.0.1","segment" : "_0","generation" : "0","docs.count" : "1","docs.deleted" : "0","size" : "6.2kb","size.memory" : "2900","committed" : "true","searchable" : "true","version" : "8.7.0","compound" : "true"}
]

或者使用_segments端点按照分片进行查看，更直观

GET /logs/_segments

{"_shards" : {"total" : 4,"successful" : 4,"failed" : 0},"indices" : {"logs-1" : {"shards" : {"0" : [{"routing" : {"state" : "STARTED","primary" : false,"node" : "dfPE9gzaQ2uQO5oIZMBbDA"},"num_committed_segments" : 1,"num_search_segments" : 1,"segments" : {"_0" : {"generation" : 0,"num_docs" : 1,"deleted_docs" : 0,"size_in_bytes" : 6376,"memory_in_bytes" : 2900,"committed" : true,"search" : true,"version" : "8.7.0","compound" : true,"attributes" : {"Lucene87StoredFieldsFormat.mode" : "BEST_SPEED"}}}},{"routing" : {"state" : "STARTED","primary" : true,"node" : "owxCvCh7R5eIkQB4EWwZmA"},"num_committed_segments" : 1,"num_search_segments" : 1,"segments" : {"_0" : {"generation" : 0,"num_docs" : 1,"deleted_docs" : 0,"size_in_bytes" : 6376,"memory_in_bytes" : 2900,"committed" : true,"search" : true,"version" : "8.7.0","compound" : true,"attributes" : {"Lucene87StoredFieldsFormat.mode" : "BEST_SPEED"}}}}]}},"logs-2" : {"shards" : {"0" : [{"routing" : {"state" : "STARTED","primary" : false,"node" : "dfPE9gzaQ2uQO5oIZMBbDA"},"num_committed_segments" : 1,"num_search_segments" : 1,"segments" : {"_0" : {"generation" : 0,"num_docs" : 1,"deleted_docs" : 0,"size_in_bytes" : 6375,"memory_in_bytes" : 2900,"committed" : true,"search" : true,"version" : "8.7.0","compound" : true,"attributes" : {"Lucene87StoredFieldsFormat.mode" : "BEST_SPEED"}}}},{"routing" : {"state" : "STARTED","primary" : true,"node" : "owxCvCh7R5eIkQB4EWwZmA"},"num_committed_segments" : 1,"num_search_segments" : 1,"segments" : {"_0" : {"generation" : 0,"num_docs" : 1,"deleted_docs" : 0,"size_in_bytes" : 6375,"memory_in_bytes" : 2900,"committed" : true,"search" : true,"version" : "8.7.0","compound" : true,"attributes" : {"Lucene87StoredFieldsFormat.mode" : "BEST_SPEED"}}}}]}}}
}

随着数据的不断写入，修改和删除，分片中的段信息会越来越多，这也是索引需要定期进行段合并的原因.

4.监控索引分片的分配

GET /asset-logs/_shard_stores

{"indices" : {"asset-log2" : {"shards" : {"1" : {"stores" : [{"owxCvCh7R5eIkQB4EWwZmA" : {"name" : "ADMIN-PC","ephemeral_id" : "UcggSJLLRQSGH5nyxyARWg","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9300","attributes" : {"ml.machine_memory" : "68404899840","xpack.installed" : "true","transform.node" : "true","ml.max_open_jobs" : "20"}},"allocation_id" : "THgQOBK4SmS4PpqB4Fj2jA","allocation" : "primary"},{"dfPE9gzaQ2uQO5oIZMBbDA" : {"name" : "node-2","ephemeral_id" : "3NuhI6hVTsyfqJYP4mzNlw","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9301","attributes" : {"ml.machine_memory" : "68404899840","ml.max_open_jobs" : "20","xpack.installed" : "true","transform.node" : "true"}},"allocation_id" : "j0dsxQRzQQ6DF5uG9Kd7aw","allocation" : "replica"}]},"2" : {"stores" : [{"owxCvCh7R5eIkQB4EWwZmA" : {"name" : "ADMIN-PC","ephemeral_id" : "UcggSJLLRQSGH5nyxyARWg","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9300","attributes" : {"ml.machine_memory" : "68404899840","xpack.installed" : "true","transform.node" : "true","ml.max_open_jobs" : "20"}},"allocation_id" : "vVP8mz8oSrm_O0uPt9cyGQ","allocation" : "primary"},{"dfPE9gzaQ2uQO5oIZMBbDA" : {"name" : "node-2","ephemeral_id" : "3NuhI6hVTsyfqJYP4mzNlw","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9301","attributes" : {"ml.machine_memory" : "68404899840","ml.max_open_jobs" : "20","xpack.installed" : "true","transform.node" : "true"}},"allocation_id" : "Cm5PZ3QsQTqhPzZblm4NPw","allocation" : "replica"}]},"0" : {"stores" : [{"owxCvCh7R5eIkQB4EWwZmA" : {"name" : "ADMIN-PC","ephemeral_id" : "UcggSJLLRQSGH5nyxyARWg","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9300","attributes" : {"ml.machine_memory" : "68404899840","xpack.installed" : "true","transform.node" : "true","ml.max_open_jobs" : "20"}},"allocation_id" : "D7hhk1b8SRq2Y8s1y6nOfQ","allocation" : "primary"},{"dfPE9gzaQ2uQO5oIZMBbDA" : {"name" : "node-2","ephemeral_id" : "3NuhI6hVTsyfqJYP4mzNlw","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9301","attributes" : {"ml.machine_memory" : "68404899840","ml.max_open_jobs" : "20","xpack.installed" : "true","transform.node" : "true"}},"allocation_id" : "yQKq3xKjTLqXZATu8sICEw","allocation" : "replica"}]}}}}
}

5.监控索引分片的恢复

GET /asset-logs/_recovery

{"asset-log2" : {"shards" : [{"id" : 1,"type" : "PEER","stage" : "DONE","primary" : false,"start_time_in_millis" : 1755445554089,"stop_time_in_millis" : 1755445554929,"total_time_in_millis" : 839,"source" : {"id" : "owxCvCh7R5eIkQB4EWwZmA","host" : "127.0.0.1","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9300","ip" : "127.0.0.1","name" : "ADMIN-PC"},"target" : {"id" : "dfPE9gzaQ2uQO5oIZMBbDA","host" : "127.0.0.1","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9301","ip" : "127.0.0.1","name" : "node-2"},"index" : {"size" : {"total_in_bytes" : 208,"reused_in_bytes" : 0,"recovered_in_bytes" : 208,"percent" : "100.0%"},"files" : {"total" : 1,"reused" : 0,"recovered" : 1,"percent" : "100.0%"},"total_time_in_millis" : 143,"source_throttle_time_in_millis" : 0,"target_throttle_time_in_millis" : 0},"translog" : {"recovered" : 0,"total" : 0,"percent" : "100.0%","total_on_start" : 0,"total_time_in_millis" : 114},"verify_index" : {"check_index_time_in_millis" : 0,"total_time_in_millis" : 0}},{"id" : 2,"type" : "PEER","stage" : "DONE","primary" : false,"start_time_in_millis" : 1755445557204,"stop_time_in_millis" : 1755445557878,"total_time_in_millis" : 674,"source" : {"id" : "owxCvCh7R5eIkQB4EWwZmA","host" : "127.0.0.1","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9300","ip" : "127.0.0.1","name" : "ADMIN-PC"},"target" : {"id" : "dfPE9gzaQ2uQO5oIZMBbDA","host" : "127.0.0.1","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9301","ip" : "127.0.0.1","name" : "node-2"},"index" : {"size" : {"total_in_bytes" : 208,"reused_in_bytes" : 0,"recovered_in_bytes" : 208,"percent" : "100.0%"},"files" : {"total" : 1,"reused" : 0,"recovered" : 1,"percent" : "100.0%"},"total_time_in_millis" : 92,"source_throttle_time_in_millis" : 0,"target_throttle_time_in_millis" : 0},"translog" : {"recovered" : 0,"total" : 0,"percent" : "100.0%","total_on_start" : 0,"total_time_in_millis" : 63},"verify_index" : {"check_index_time_in_millis" : 0,"total_time_in_millis" : 0}},{"id" : 0,"type" : "PEER","stage" : "DONE","primary" : false,"start_time_in_millis" : 1755445554113,"stop_time_in_millis" : 1755445554929,"total_time_in_millis" : 814,"source" : {"id" : "owxCvCh7R5eIkQB4EWwZmA","host" : "127.0.0.1","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9300","ip" : "127.0.0.1","name" : "ADMIN-PC"},"target" : {"id" : "dfPE9gzaQ2uQO5oIZMBbDA","host" : "127.0.0.1","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9301","ip" : "127.0.0.1","name" : "node-2"},"index" : {"size" : {"total_in_bytes" : 208,"reused_in_bytes" : 0,"recovered_in_bytes" : 208,"percent" : "100.0%"},"files" : {"total" : 1,"reused" : 0,"recovered" : 1,"percent" : "100.0%"},"total_time_in_millis" : 142,"source_throttle_time_in_millis" : 0,"target_throttle_time_in_millis" : 0},"translog" : {"recovered" : 0,"total" : 0,"percent" : "100.0%","total_on_start" : 0,"total_time_in_millis" : 115},"verify_index" : {"check_index_time_in_millis" : 0,"total_time_in_millis" : 0}},{"id" : 1,"type" : "EMPTY_STORE","stage" : "DONE","primary" : true,"start_time_in_millis" : 1755424735620,"stop_time_in_millis" : 1755424735858,"total_time_in_millis" : 233,"source" : { },"target" : {"id" : "owxCvCh7R5eIkQB4EWwZmA","host" : "127.0.0.1","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9300","ip" : "127.0.0.1","name" : "ADMIN-PC"},"index" : {"size" : {"total_in_bytes" : 0,"reused_in_bytes" : 0,"recovered_in_bytes" : 0,"percent" : "0.0%"},"files" : {"total" : 0,"reused" : 0,"recovered" : 0,"percent" : "0.0%"},"total_time_in_millis" : 127,"source_throttle_time_in_millis" : 0,"target_throttle_time_in_millis" : 0},"translog" : {"recovered" : 0,"total" : 0,"percent" : "100.0%","total_on_start" : 0,"total_time_in_millis" : 89},"verify_index" : {"check_index_time_in_millis" : 0,"total_time_in_millis" : 0}},{"id" : 2,"type" : "EMPTY_STORE","stage" : "DONE","primary" : true,"start_time_in_millis" : 1755424735642,"stop_time_in_millis" : 1755424735852,"total_time_in_millis" : 213,"source" : { },"target" : {"id" : "owxCvCh7R5eIkQB4EWwZmA","host" : "127.0.0.1","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9300","ip" : "127.0.0.1","name" : "ADMIN-PC"},"index" : {"size" : {"total_in_bytes" : 0,"reused_in_bytes" : 0,"recovered_in_bytes" : 0,"percent" : "0.0%"},"files" : {"total" : 0,"reused" : 0,"recovered" : 0,"percent" : "0.0%"},"total_time_in_millis" : 115,"source_throttle_time_in_millis" : 0,"target_throttle_time_in_millis" : 0},"translog" : {"recovered" : 0,"total" : 0,"percent" : "100.0%","total_on_start" : 0,"total_time_in_millis" : 81},"verify_index" : {"check_index_time_in_millis" : 0,"total_time_in_millis" : 0}},{"id" : 0,"type" : "EMPTY_STORE","stage" : "DONE","primary" : true,"start_time_in_millis" : 1755424735654,"stop_time_in_millis" : 1755424735902,"total_time_in_millis" : 256,"source" : { },"target" : {"id" : "owxCvCh7R5eIkQB4EWwZmA","host" : "127.0.0.1","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9300","ip" : "127.0.0.1","name" : "ADMIN-PC"},"index" : {"size" : {"total_in_bytes" : 0,"reused_in_bytes" : 0,"recovered_in_bytes" : 0,"percent" : "0.0%"},"files" : {"total" : 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108,"source_throttle_time_in_millis" : 0,"target_throttle_time_in_millis" : 0},"translog" : {"recovered" : 0,"total" : 0,"percent" : "100.0%","total_on_start" : 0,"total_time_in_millis" : 76},"verify_index" : {"check_index_time_in_millis" : 0,"total_time_in_millis" : 0}},{"id" : 3,"type" : "PEER","stage" : "DONE","primary" : false,"start_time_in_millis" : 1755445559929,"stop_time_in_millis" : 1755445560661,"total_time_in_millis" : 731,"source" : {"id" : "owxCvCh7R5eIkQB4EWwZmA","host" : "127.0.0.1","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9300","ip" : "127.0.0.1","name" : "ADMIN-PC"},"target" : {"id" : "dfPE9gzaQ2uQO5oIZMBbDA","host" : "127.0.0.1","transport_address" : "127.0.0.1:9301","ip" : "127.0.0.1","name" : "node-2"},"index" : {"size" : {"total_in_bytes" : 208,"reused_in_bytes" : 0,"recovered_in_bytes" : 208,"percent" : "100.0%"},"files" : {"total" : 1,"reused" : 0,"recovered" : 1,"percent" : "100.0%"},"total_time_in_millis" : 120,"source_throttle_time_in_millis" : 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在返回结果中，除了有分片号(id),恢复类型(type),起始时间(start time in millis)，结束时间(stop time in millis),数据来源(source)和目标节点(target)这些常规的字段之外，还包括分片恢复过程中的统计信息，例如：恢复了多少个文件(files.total),占用多大空间(total in bytes),恢复的事务日志的个数(translog)等。

6. 监控索引的统计指标

GET /asset-logs/_stats

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