车牌模拟生成器：Python3.8+Opencv代码实现与商业应用前景（C#、python 开发包SDK）

车牌模拟生成器：Python代码实现与商业应用前景

引言

在智慧城市建设和汽车行业数字化浪潮中，车牌作为车辆的唯一标识，其相关技术应用正变得越来越重要。今天我们将介绍一个基于Python的车牌模拟生成器，探讨其技术实现、功能特点以及潜在的商业价值。

【注意】

在线生成随机或自定义的中国车牌，支持多种车牌类型和样式，仅用于模型数据测试、车牌识别系统的演示效果等，切勿用于商业用途和不合法用途，否则自己将承担相关责任，与本工具无关。

【需要的素材】

1、需要各个省市的简称：

由于用到了opencv，建议将图片和具体的车牌号做个映射关系：

【效果图】

映射关系文件 font_mappings.txt

云=yunnan
京=beijing
冀=hebei
晋=shanxi
蒙=neimenggu
辽=liaoning
吉=jilin
黑=heilongjiang
沪=shanghai
苏=jiangsu
浙=zhejiang
皖=anhui
闽=fujian
赣=jiangxi
鲁=shandong
豫=henan
鄂=hubei
湘=hunan
粤=guangdong
桂=guangxi
琼=hainan
渝=chongqing
川=sichuan
贵=guizhou
藏=xizang
陕=shanxi_s
甘=gansu
青=qinghai
宁=ningxia
新=xinjiang
津=tianjin
港=gang
澳=ao
使=shi
领=ling
学=xue
警=jing
挂=gua

需求分析

车牌模拟生成在多个领域有着广泛的应用需求：

软件开发与测试：智能交通系统、停车场管理系统需要大量车牌数据进行测试
教育培训：驾校、交通法规培训需要示例车牌进行教学演示
影视制作：影视剧中需要符合规定的虚拟车牌避免侵权问
数据分析：交通流量模拟、城市规划需要车牌数据支持

功能特点

我们的车牌模拟生成器具备以下核心功能：

1. 符合中国车牌标准

支持普通蓝牌和新能源绿牌两种格式
遵循中国车牌编号规则，排除易混淆字母(O/I)
省份简称符合国家标准

2. 灵活生成模式

可指定生成特定类型车牌
支持完全随机生成模式
生成数量可自定义扩展

3. 高度可定制化代码结构清晰，易于扩展其他类型车牌

生成规则可调整，满足不同场景需求
代码结构清晰，易于扩展其他类型车牌

由于服务端是python，这里给出的是部分核心逻辑代码，需要自己搭建。

【核心代码实现，流程参考】

import random
import stringclass LicensePlateGenerator:"""车牌生成器类"""def __init__(self):# 省份简称列表self.provinces = ['京', '津', '冀', '晋', '蒙', '辽', '吉', '黑', '沪', '苏','浙', '皖', '闽', '赣', '鲁', '豫', '鄂', '湘', '粤', '桂','琼', '渝', '川', '贵', '云', '藏', '陕', '甘', '青', '宁', '新']# 车牌字母列表（排除O和I）self.letters = [c for c in string.ascii_uppercase if c not in ['O', 'I']]def generate_plate(self, plate_type=None, province=None):"""生成车牌号码:param plate_type: 车牌类型（'normal'普通/'new_energy'新能源）:param province: 指定省份简称:return: 车牌号码字符串"""# 确定省份if province and province in self.provinces:province_char = provinceelse:province_char = random.choice(self.provinces)# 确定车牌类型if plate_type is None:plate_type = random.choice(['normal', 'new_energy'])# 生成普通车牌if plate_type == 'normal':return self._generate_normal_plate(province_char)# 生成新能源车牌elif plate_type == 'new_energy':return self._generate_new_energy_plate(province_char)def _generate_normal_plate(self, province):"""生成普通蓝牌"""plate = province + random.choice(self.letters)# 生成5位序号for _ in range(5):if random.random() < 0.3:plate += random.choice(self.letters)else:plate += random.choice(string.digits)return platedef _generate_new_energy_plate(self, province):"""生成新能源绿牌"""plate = province + random.choice(self.letters)plate += random.choice(['D', 'F'])  # D=纯电, F=混动plate += ''.join(random.choices(string.digits, k=5))return plate# 使用示例
if __name__ == "__main__":generator = LicensePlateGenerator()# 生成10个随机车牌print("随机车牌示例:")for i in range(10):plate_type = random.choice(['normal', 'new_energy'])plate = generator.generate_plate(plate_type)print(f"{i+1}. {'普通车牌' if plate_type == 'normal' else '新能源车牌'}: {plate}")# 生成特定省份车牌print("\n北京车牌示例:")for i in range(3):print(f"{i+1}. {generator.generate_plate('normal', '京')}")

【生成车牌、计算数字边框等算法】

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import numpy as np
import cv2, os, argparse
from glob import glob
from tqdm import tqdmfrom plate_number import random_select, generate_plate_number_white, generate_plate_number_yellow_xue
from plate_number import generate_plate_number_black_gangao, generate_plate_number_black_shi, generate_plate_number_black_ling
from plate_number import generate_plate_number_blue, generate_plate_number_yellow_gua
from plate_number import letters, digits# 加载中文字符到英文文件名的映射
def load_font_mappings():mappings = {}try:with open('font_mappings.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:for line in f:if '=' in line:cn, en = line.strip().split('=', 1)mappings[cn] = enexcept Exception as e:print(f"警告: 无法加载字体映射文件，错误: {e}")return mappings# 中文到英文的映射
CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH = load_font_mappings()
# 英文到中文的反向映射
ENGLISH_TO_CHINESE = {v: k for k, v in CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH.items()}def get_location_data(length=7, split_id=1, height=140):"""获取车牌号码在底牌中的位置length: 车牌字符数，7或者8，7为普通车牌、8为新能源车牌split_id: 分割空隙height: 车牌高度，对应单层和双层车牌"""# 字符位置location_xy = np.zeros((length, 4), dtype=np.int32)# 单层车牌高度if height == 140:# 单层车牌，y轴坐标固定location_xy[:, 1] = 25location_xy[:, 3] = 115# 螺栓间隔step_split = 34 if length == 7 else 49# 字符间隔step_font = 12 if length == 7 else 9# 字符宽度width_font = 45for i in range(length):if i == 0:location_xy[i, 0] = 15elif i == split_id:location_xy[i, 0] = location_xy[i - 1, 2] + step_splitelse:location_xy[i, 0] = location_xy[i - 1, 2] + step_font# 新能源车牌if length == 8 and i > 0:width_font = 43location_xy[i, 2] = location_xy[i, 0] + width_fontelse:# 双层车牌第一层location_xy[0, :] = [110, 15, 190, 75]location_xy[1, :] = [250, 15, 330, 75]# 第二层width_font = 65step_font = 15for i in range(2, length):location_xy[i, 1] = 90location_xy[i, 3] = 200if i == 2:location_xy[i, 0] = 27else:location_xy[i, 0] = location_xy[i - 1, 2] + step_fontlocation_xy[i, 2] = location_xy[i, 0] + width_fontreturn location_xy# 字符贴上底板
def copy_to_image_multi(img, font_img, bbox, bg_color, is_red):x1, y1, x2, y2 = bboxfont_img = cv2.resize(font_img, (x2 - x1, y2 - y1))img_crop = img[y1: y2, x1: x2, :]if is_red:img_crop[font_img < 200, :] = [0, 0, 255]elif 'blue' in bg_color or 'black' in bg_color:img_crop[font_img < 200, :] = [255, 255, 255]else:img_crop[font_img < 200, :] = [0, 0, 0]return imgclass MultiPlateGenerator:def __init__(self, adr_plate_model, adr_font):# 车牌底板路径self.adr_plate_model = adr_plate_model# 车牌字符路径# 如果存在英文目录，则使用英文目录self.adr_font = 'font_model_english' if os.path.exists('font_model_english') else adr_font# 车牌字符图片，预存处理self.font_imgs = {}# 获取所有jpg文件font_filenames = []for root, dirs, files in os.walk(self.adr_font):for file in files:if file.lower().endswith('.jpg'):font_filenames.append(os.path.join(root, file))for font_filename in font_filenames:# 尝试读取文件，如果失败则跳过try:font_img = cv2.imread(font_filename, cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)if font_img is None:continueif '140' in font_filename:font_img = cv2.resize(font_img, (45, 90))elif '220' in font_filename:font_img = cv2.resize(font_img, (65, 110))elif font_filename.split('_')[-1].split('.')[0] in letters + digits:font_img = cv2.resize(font_img, (43, 90))# 获取文件名作为keybasename = os.path.basename(font_filename).split('.')[0]# 保存原始文件名映射self.font_imgs[basename] = font_img# 对于英文文件名，我们也建立到中文字符的映射for en, cn in ENGLISH_TO_CHINESE.items():if en in basename:# 构建中文文件名格式的keyparts = basename.split('_')for i, part in enumerate(parts):if part == en:parts[i] = cnchinese_key = '_'.join(parts)self.font_imgs[chinese_key] = font_imgbreakexcept Exception as e:print(f"警告: 无法读取或处理文件 {font_filename}, 错误: {e}")continue# 字符位置self.location_xys = {}for i in [7, 8]:for j in [1, 2, 4]:for k in [140, 220]:self.location_xys['{}_{}_{}'.format(i, j, k)] = \get_location_data(length=i, split_id=j, height=k)# 获取字符位置def get_location_multi(self, plate_number, height=140):length = len(plate_number)if '警' in plate_number:split_id = 1elif '使' in plate_number:split_id = 4else:split_id = 2return self.location_xys['{}_{}_{}'.format(length, split_id, height)]# 随机生成车牌号码，获取底板颜色、单双层def generate_plate_number(self):rate = np.random.random(1)if rate > 0.4:# 蓝牌plate_number = generate_plate_number_blue(length=random_select([7, 8]))else:# 白牌、黄牌教练车、黄牌挂车、黑色港澳、黑色使、领馆generate_plate_number_funcs = [generate_plate_number_white,generate_plate_number_yellow_xue,generate_plate_number_yellow_gua,generate_plate_number_black_gangao,generate_plate_number_black_shi,generate_plate_number_black_ling]plate_number = random_select(generate_plate_number_funcs)()# 车牌底板颜色bg_color = random_select(['blue'] + ['yellow'])if len(plate_number) == 8:bg_color = random_select(['green_car'] * 10 + ['green_truck'])elif len(set(plate_number) & set(['使', '领', '港', '澳'])) > 0:bg_color = 'black'elif '警' in plate_number or plate_number[0] in letters:bg_color = 'white'elif len(set(plate_number) & set(['学', '挂'])) > 0:bg_color = 'yellow'is_double = random_select([False] + [True] * 3)if '使' in plate_number:bg_color = 'black_shi'if '挂' in plate_number:# 挂车双层is_double = Trueelif len(set(plate_number) & set(['使', '领', '港', '澳', '学', '警'])) > 0 \or len(plate_number) == 8 or bg_color == 'blue':# 使领港澳学警、新能源、蓝色都是单层is_double = False# special，首字符为字母、单层则是军车if plate_number[0] in letters and not is_double:bg_color = 'white_army'return plate_number, bg_color, is_double# 随机生成车牌图片def generate_plate(self, enhance=False):plate_number, bg_color, is_double = self.generate_plate_number()height = 220 if is_double else 140# 获取底板图片# print(plate_number, height, bg_color, is_double)number_xy = self.get_location_multi(plate_number, height)# 读取底板图片，确保中文文件名正确处理plate_model_path = os.path.join(self.adr_plate_model, '{}_{}.PNG'.format(bg_color, height))img_plate_model = cv2.imread(plate_model_path)if img_plate_model is None:print(f"警告: 无法读取底板图片 {plate_model_path}")# 使用默认蓝色底板图片作为备选default_path = os.path.join(self.adr_plate_model, 'blue_140.PNG')img_plate_model = cv2.imread(default_path)if img_plate_model is None:raise FileNotFoundError(f"无法读取默认底板图片 {default_path}")img_plate_model = cv2.resize(img_plate_model, (440 if len(plate_number) == 7 else 480, height))for i in range(len(plate_number)):if len(plate_number) == 8:# 新能源key = 'green_{}'.format(plate_number[i])# 如果找不到中文key，尝试使用英文keyif key not in self.font_imgs:# 检查字符是否是中文字符，如果是则转换为英文char = plate_number[i]if char in CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH:en_char = CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH[char]key = 'green_{}'.format(en_char)font_img = self.font_imgs[key]else:if '{}_{}'.format(height, plate_number[i]) in self.font_imgs:key = '{}_{}'.format(height, plate_number[i])# 如果找不到中文key，尝试使用英文keyif key not in self.font_imgs:# 检查字符是否是中文字符，如果是则转换为英文char = plate_number[i]if char in CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH:en_char = CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH[char]key = '{}_{}'.format(height, en_char)font_img = self.font_imgs[key]else:# 双层车牌字体库if i < 2:key = '220_up_{}'.format(plate_number[i])# 如果找不到中文key，尝试使用英文keyif key not in self.font_imgs:# 检查字符是否是中文字符，如果是则转换为英文char = plate_number[i]if char in CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH:en_char = CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH[char]key = '220_up_{}'.format(en_char)font_img = self.font_imgs[key]else:key = '220_down_{}'.format(plate_number[i])# 如果找不到中文key，尝试使用英文keyif key not in self.font_imgs:# 检查字符是否是中文字符，如果是则转换为英文char = plate_number[i]if char in CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH:en_char = CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH[char]key = '220_down_{}'.format(en_char)font_img = self.font_imgs[key]# 字符是否红色if (i == 0 and plate_number[0] in letters) or plate_number[i] in ['警', '使', '领']:is_red = Trueelif i == 1 and plate_number[0] in letters and np.random.random(1) > 0.5:# second letter of army plateis_red = Trueelse:is_red = Falseif enhance:k = np.random.randint(1, 6)kernel = np.ones((k, k), np.uint8)if np.random.random(1) > 0.5:font_img = np.copy(cv2.erode(font_img, kernel, iterations=1))else:font_img = np.copy(cv2.dilate(font_img, kernel, iterations=1))# 贴上底板img_plate_model = copy_to_image_multi(img_plate_model, font_img,number_xy[i, :], bg_color, is_red)img_plate_model = cv2.blur(img_plate_model, (3, 3))return img_plate_model, number_xy, plate_number, bg_color, is_doubledef generate_plate_special(self, plate_number, bg_color, is_double, enhance=False):"""生成特定号码、颜色车牌:param plate_number: 车牌号码:param bg_color: 背景颜色，black/black_shi（使领馆）/blue/green_car（新能源轿车）/green_truck（新能源卡车）/white/white_army（军队）/yellow:param is_double: 是否双层:param enhance: 图像增强:return: 车牌图"""height = 220 if is_double else 140# print(plate_number, height, bg_color, is_double)number_xy = self.get_location_multi(plate_number, height)img_plate_model = cv2.imread(os.path.join(self.adr_plate_model, '{}_{}.PNG'.format(bg_color, height)))img_plate_model = cv2.resize(img_plate_model, (440 if len(plate_number) == 7 else 480, height))for i in range(len(plate_number)):if len(plate_number) == 8:# 新能源key = 'green_{}'.format(plate_number[i])# 如果找不到中文key，尝试使用英文keyif key not in self.font_imgs:# 检查字符是否是中文字符，如果是则转换为英文char = plate_number[i]if char in CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH:en_char = CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH[char]key = 'green_{}'.format(en_char)font_img = self.font_imgs[key]else:if '{}_{}'.format(height, plate_number[i]) in self.font_imgs:key = '{}_{}'.format(height, plate_number[i])# 如果找不到中文key，尝试使用英文keyif key not in self.font_imgs:# 检查字符是否是中文字符，如果是则转换为英文char = plate_number[i]if char in CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH:en_char = CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH[char]key = '{}_{}'.format(height, en_char)font_img = self.font_imgs[key]else:if i < 2:key = '220_up_{}'.format(plate_number[i])# 如果找不到中文key，尝试使用英文keyif key not in self.font_imgs:# 检查字符是否是中文字符，如果是则转换为英文char = plate_number[i]if char in CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH:en_char = CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH[char]key = '220_up_{}'.format(en_char)font_img = self.font_imgs[key]else:key = '220_down_{}'.format(plate_number[i])# 如果找不到中文key，尝试使用英文keyif key not in self.font_imgs:# 检查字符是否是中文字符，如果是则转换为英文char = plate_number[i]if char in CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH:en_char = CHINESE_TO_ENGLISH[char]key = '220_down_{}'.format(en_char)font_img = self.font_imgs[key]if (i == 0 and plate_number[0] in letters) or plate_number[i] in ['警', '使', '领']:is_red = Trueelif i == 1 and plate_number[0] in letters and np.random.random(1) > 0.5:# second letter of army plateis_red = Trueelse:is_red = Falseif enhance:k = np.random.randint(1, 6)kernel = np.ones((k, k), np.uint8)if np.random.random(1) > 0.5:font_img = np.copy(cv2.erode(font_img, kernel, iterations=1))else:font_img = np.copy(cv2.dilate(font_img, kernel, iterations=1))img_plate_model = copy_to_image_multi(img_plate_model, font_img,number_xy[i, :], bg_color, is_red)# is_double = 'double' if is_double else 'single'img_plate_model = cv2.blur(img_plate_model, (3, 3))return img_plate_modeldef parse_args():parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='中国车牌生成器')parser.add_argument('--number', default=10, type=int, help='生成车牌数量')parser.add_argument('--save-adr', default='multi_val', help='车牌保存路径')args = parser.parse_args()return argsdef mkdir(path):try:os.makedirs(path)except:passif __name__ == '__main__':args = parse_args()print(args)# 随机生成车牌print('save in {}'.format(args.save_adr))mkdir(args.save_adr)generator = MultiPlateGenerator('plate_model', 'font_model')for i in tqdm(range(args.number)):img, number_xy, gt_plate_number, bg_color, is_double = generator.generate_plate()# 使用cv2.imencode和open函数来正确处理中文文件名save_path = os.path.join(args.save_adr, '{}_{}_{}.jpg'.format(gt_plate_number, bg_color, is_double))try:# 将图像编码为JPEG格式success, encoded_img = cv2.imencode('.jpg', img)if success:# 使用open函数以二进制写入模式保存文件with open(save_path, 'wb') as f:f.write(encoded_img.tobytes())else:print(f"警告: 无法编码图像 {save_path}")except Exception as e:print(f"警告: 无法保存图像 {save_path}, 错误: {e}")