list基础概念：list中的每一部分是一个Node，由三部分组成：val、next、prev（指向上一个节点的指针）

list初始化的代码，见下

#include<iostream>
#include<list>using namespace std;void printList(const list<int>& l) {for (list<int>::const_iterator it = l.begin(); it != l.end(); it++) {cout << *it << " ";}cout << endl;
}int main() {// 1 默认构造函数list<int> l1;cout << "l1: ";printList(l1);// 2 初始化列表list<int> l2_1 = { 7,6,5,4,3 };cout << "l2_1: ";printList(l2_1);list<int> l2_2({ 7,5,4,3,2 });cout << "l2_2: ";printList(l2_2);// 3 迭代器list<int> l3(l2_2.begin(), l2_2.end());cout << "l3: ";printList(l3);// 4 全0初始化list<int> l4(8);cout << "l4: ";printList(l4);// 5 初始化a个blist<int> l5(5, 8);cout << "l5: ";printList(l5);// 6 拷贝构造函数list<int> l6(l2_2);cout << "l6: ";printList(l6);return 0;
}

list赋值操作，代码见下

#include<iostream>
#include<list>using namespace std;void printList(const list<int>& l) {for (list<int>::const_iterator it = l.begin(); it != l.end(); it++) {cout << *it << " ";}cout << endl;
}int main() {list<int> l1 = { 5, 6, 7, 3, 1 };list<int> l2;// 1 = l2 = l1;printList(l2);// 2 assign(迭代器)list<int> l3;l3.assign(l1.begin(), l1.end());printList(l3);// 3 assign(初始化列表)list<int> l4;l4.assign({ 5, 9, 1, 2, 4 });printList(l4);// 4 assign(a, b)list<int> l5;l5.assign(5, 4);printList(l5);return 0;
}

list大小操作，代码见下
 

#include<iostream>
#include<list>using namespace std;void printList(const list<int>& l) {for (list<int>::const_iterator it = l.begin(); it != l.end(); it++) {cout << *it << " ";}cout << endl;
}
/*
empty
size
resize
*/
int main() {list<int> l1;cout << "l1.empty() = " << l1.empty() << endl;cout << "l1.size() = " << l1.size() << endl;l1.assign({ 4, 3, 6, 2, 1 });printList(l1);l1.resize(18);cout << "l1.empty() = " << l1.empty() << endl;cout << "l1.size() = " << l1.size() << endl;printList(l1);l1.resize(20, 6);cout << "l1.empty() = " << l1.empty() << endl;cout << "l1.size() = " << l1.size() << endl;printList(l1);l1.resize(1000);l1.resize(7);cout << "l1.empty() = " << l1.empty() << endl;cout << "l1.size() = " << l1.size() << endl;printList(l1);return 0;
}

结果见下，供理解

list数据插入，代码见下：

#include<iostream>
#include<list>using namespace std;void printList(const list<int>& l) {for (list<int>::const_iterator it = l.begin(); it != l.end(); it++) {cout << *it << " ";}cout << endl;
}
/*
push_front
push_back
insert
*/
int main() {list<int> l;//1 push_frontl.push_front(-3);l.push_front(-2);l.push_front(-1);//2 push_backl.push_back(3);l.push_back(2);l.push_back(1);//3 insert(迭代器, 值)list<int>::iterator it = l.begin();it++;l.insert(it, 0);printList(l);//4 insert(迭代器, 数量, 值)it = l.end();--it;l.insert(it, 5, 8);printList(l);//5 insert(迭代器, 迭代器的开始位置, 迭代器的结束位置)it = l.begin();it++;l.insert(it, l.begin(), l.end());printList(l);return 0;
}

运行结果见下，便于理解