easyPoi实现动表头Excel的导入和导出

Maven依赖

!-- EasyPoi 核心依赖 --><dependency><groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId><artifactId>easypoi-base</artifactId><version>4.4.0</version></dependency><!-- EasyPoi Web支持 --><dependency><groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId><artifactId>easypoi-web</artifactId><version>4.4.0</version></dependency><!-- EasyPoi 注解支持 --><dependency><groupId>cn.afterturn</groupId><artifactId>easypoi-annotation</artifactId><version>4.4.0</version></dependency><!-- Apache POI 基础包 --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi</artifactId><version>4.1.2</version></dependency><!-- 处理 Excel 2007+ (xlsx) 必须的包 --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId><version>4.1.2</version></dependency><!-- 处理 XMLSchema/XSSF 时需要的 (推荐加上) --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi-ooxml-schemas</artifactId><version>4.1.2</version></dependency><!-- 如果要导出图片、图表，推荐再加上 ooxml-schemas 全量包 --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>ooxml-schemas</artifactId><version>1.4</version></dependency>

实现类

/*** Created by ls on 2025/9/14.*/
@RestController
public class EasypoiController {/*** 导出 Excel （动态表头）* 访问: http://localhost:8080/exportDynamic*/@GetMapping("/exportDynamic")public void exportDynamic(HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {// 1. 动态表头配置（实际项目可从前端传参）List<ExcelExportEntity> entityList = new ArrayList<>();entityList.add(new ExcelExportEntity("姓名", "name"));entityList.add(new ExcelExportEntity("年龄", "age"));entityList.add(new ExcelExportEntity("城市", "city"));entityList.add(new ExcelExportEntity("成绩", "score"));// 2. 模拟数据List<Map<String, Object>> dataList = new ArrayList<>();dataList.add(mapOf("name", "张三", "age", 18, "city", "北京", "score", 95));dataList.add(mapOf("name", "李四", "age", 20, "city", "上海", "score", 88));dataList.add(mapOf("name", "王五", "age", 22, "city", "广州", "score", 92));// 3. 生成 WorkbookExportParams params = new ExportParams("学生信息表", "Sheet1");Workbook workbook = ExcelExportUtil.exportExcel(params, entityList, dataList);// 4. 设置响应头并下载String fileName = URLEncoder.encode("动态表头示例.xlsx", "UTF-8");response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);workbook.write(response.getOutputStream());}// 小工具方法：快速构造 Mapprivate static Map<String, Object> mapOf(Object... kv) {Map<String, Object> m = new LinkedHashMap<>();for (int i = 0; i < kv.length; i += 2) {m.put(String.valueOf(kv[i]), kv[i + 1]);}return m;}/*** 动态导出 Excel* @param response HttpServletResponse*/@GetMapping("/export")public void exportExcel(HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {// ======= 1. 动态表头定义（可从前端传 JSON，这里写死示例） =======List<ExcelExportEntity> entityList = new ArrayList<>();entityList.add(new ExcelExportEntity("姓名", "name"));entityList.add(new ExcelExportEntity("年龄", "age"));entityList.add(new ExcelExportEntity("城市", "city"));entityList.add(new ExcelExportEntity("成绩", "score"));// ======= 2. 模拟数据 =======List<Map<String, Object>> dataList = new ArrayList<>();dataList.add(mapOf("name", "张三", "age", 18, "city", "北京", "score", 95));dataList.add(mapOf("name", "李四", "age", 20, "city", "上海", "score", 88));// ======= 3. 生成 Excel =======ExportParams params = new ExportParams("学生信息表", "Sheet1");Workbook workbook = ExcelExportUtil.exportExcel(params, entityList, dataList);// ======= 4. 输出到浏览器 =======String fileName = URLEncoder.encode("动态导出.xlsx", "UTF-8");response.setContentType("application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);workbook.write(response.getOutputStream());}/*** 动态导入 Excel* @param file 上传的 Excel 文件* @return 统一字段的数据*/@PostMapping("/import")public Map<String, Object> importExcel(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file) throws Exception {try (InputStream is = file.getInputStream();Workbook workbook = WorkbookFactory.create(is)) {Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(0);DataFormatter formatter = new DataFormatter();int headerStart = 1; // 从第二行开始，索引是 1（第一行索引是0）int headRows = 1; // 表头占一行int firstCol = 0;int lastCol = sheet.getRow(headerStart).getLastCellNum();// 组装表头List<String> headers = new ArrayList<>();Row headerRow = sheet.getRow(headerStart);for (int c = firstCol; c < lastCol; c++) {Cell cell = headerRow.getCell(c);String val = cell != null ? formatter.formatCellValue(cell).trim() : "COLUMN_" + c;headers.add(val);}// 遍历数据行List<Map<String, Object>> data = new ArrayList<>();int lastRow = sheet.getLastRowNum();for (int r = headerStart + headRows; r <= lastRow; r++) {Row row = sheet.getRow(r);if (row == null) continue;Map<String, Object> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();boolean allEmpty = true;for (int c = firstCol; c < lastCol; c++) {Cell cell = row.getCell(c);String val = cell != null ? formatter.formatCellValue(cell).trim() : "";if (!val.isEmpty()) allEmpty = false;map.put(headers.get(c - firstCol), val);}if (!allEmpty) data.add(map);}Map<String, Object> resp = new HashMap<>();resp.put("headers", headers);resp.put("data", data);return resp;}}}